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In China, for example, research shows that plastic field covers keep the soil warm and wet in a way that boosts productivity considerably; an additional 15,000 square miles of arableland—an area about the size of Switzerland—would be required to produce the same amount of food.
And because they grow quickly with minimal resources—and without herbicides or pesticides—scientists point to their potential to help bolster nutritional security, hedge against disruptions in the food supplychain and even generate fresh produce on long-term space missions.
Despite key benefits such as reduced water use, lack of pesticide use, avoidance of freshwater pollution, and shorter supplychains, the emission totals from vertical farms prevent the industry from being able to assert all-encompassing sustainability claims. kWh per kg of harvested crop, on average.
A recent report by McKinsey revealed that while Africa has large amounts of untapped agricultural land that could be used to increase production, much of this land is in unreachable areas. The lack of infrastructure, conflict zones, forest cover, and large conservation areas has made lots of arablelands inaccessible.
agriculture industry—currently running at about 150 million barrels of oil equivalent a year—will disappear as all parts of the supplychain related to growing and transporting cattle are disrupted. By 2030, at least half of the demand for oil from the U.S. households, totalling $1 trillion by 2030.
Greenhouses and vertical farms, widely known as trusted methods of year-round agricultural production, seem to be context-agnostic solutions to agri-food supplychain disruptions, desertification, and other climate change-related problems. However, they have very significant capital costs.
In periods of high rainfall, grasslands and woodlands soak up water much more effectively than arableland, reducing the speed of runoff and the risk of rivers bursting their banks.[xvii] [xvi] Regenerative agriculture is key to flood resilience and prevention of the decimation of crop yields. There is a note of extreme caution here.
—Grey Moran A Call to Farms: Reconnecting to Nature, Food, and Community in a Modern World By Jennifer Grayson The fragility of our food system became more prominent than ever during the COVID-19 pandemic, when supplychains struggled to stay tethered due to global trade disruptions.
So, as AI technologies advance, what impacts will they have on agri-food value chains? From advisory tools increasing supplychain efficiency to gene editing and predictive breeding speeding up R&D cycles, industry leaders are leveraging AI models to transform agriculture at scale into a more resilient and sustainable system.
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